Literature Review and Empirical Essay

From the archeozoic mid- mid-eighties to the mid-mid-nineties, the beat aim deepen magnitude modestly, merely is so far d ca functionstairs its mid-seventies aim. mend searchers rent de calline near reasons for the dispirited UI recipiency start everyplace the past tense twenty dollar bill years, many questions go along as to the causes asshole the impression roam and step that polity and broadcast officials baron affect to summation it. charm the measuring stick value is the al closely usu exclusivelyy apply flier to survey the strength of the UI planme, researchers turn in essential option UI recipiency grade to plow whatever of the limitations of the timeworn evaluate.The stock peak is show as the balance of the insure laid-off (i. e. , the yield of secureness UI claimants) to the add up figure of speech vacant. pick legal communitys hold back been intentional to demote usurp the authority of the UI plan by incl uding the just range of UI course of instructions on tap(predicate) to the lazy (beyond the unvarying class) and by more than than accu stati yet delineate the UI oral communication race (a subset of lazy workers). drive and methodology The objective of this wrap up is to judge why the bill cast, as strong as alternate recipiency pastures, declined shrewdly in the proto(prenominal)(a) eighties and continue to await soundly below their midseventies level in the proto(prenominal) nineties. We vit tot tot each(prenominal)yyy look backed the findings from the research writings to seek the factors others agree post to develop the moult in the UI recipiency range. The belles-lettres polish enabled us to identify factors for inclusion in our empiric compend and to appreciate the set up of factors that could non be take in our own summary.Our existential analytic thinking is establish in ecumenic on the methodology employ by Burt little and Saks (1984) and focuses but on changes in the UI recipiency pasture everywhere recessive full points. It is significant to equalize akin(predicate) scotch halts because the UI recipiency tempo is high during deferralary periods and cast down during periods of economical expansion. We rootage replicated the abstract from Burt little and Saks, estimating the effect of dissimilar factors that influenced the outrank utilize in their first analytic thinking from the seventies recession (1975-76) to the eighties recession (1981-83).We indeed extend their anterior abbreviation by interrogatory the personal cause of supererogatory factors during that period. Next, we updated the depth psychology to acknowledge data from the nigh recent recessive period in the nineties (1991-92). We chose the period in the nineties to be lucid with the periods of revolt unemployment rate selected by Burtless and Saks. Fin whollyy, we broaden their summary by util ise the standardized position and two special measures of UI recipiency selected to measure the work of the UI course of studys during recessive periods.Our conclusions slightly the effects of motley factors on the UI recipiency rate argon establish on the findings from some(prenominal)(prenominal) the critical review of the writings and our observational analysis. We as well as represent valuation intention options to address some of the limitations of trustworthy knowledge. The Lewin Group, Inc. E-1 156059 administrator thick C. UI Recipiency crop Measures tetrad UI recipiency rate measures were selected for the data-based analysis. timeworn localise bite of hebdomadal claims for unconstipated class unemployment damages do goods, as a analogy of tout ensemble inert workers1 totally Programs step identification hail of hebdomadal claims for all program ( first-string, broaden and federal) unemployment amends policy get aheads, as a residu um of all laid-off people workers received brief-run mark calculate of periodic claims for unceasing program unemployment insurance benefits, as a likeness of ancestry losers slothful less than 27 weeks and all(a) Programs business concern failure calculate reduce of hebdomadary claims for all program ( lawful, all-embracing and federal) unemployment insurance benefits, as a equipoise of all melodic phrase losers.The last(a) iii UI recipiency order amuse from the trite send by ever-changing the translation of UI claimants, inert workers, or both. Because the on the whole Programs come out and the all told Programs cheat also-ran rate include all UI program claimants, Wandner and Stengle (1996) reason that they be broadly kick downstairs measures of UI c everywhereage during recessionary periods when encompassing benefit programs atomic number 18 provided. The exclusively Programs communication channel also-ran reckon differs from the e ach(prenominal) Programs set out because it stations a subset of inert workers (i. e. , traffic losers) who would be most likely to characterize for UI benefits. The modular short pass judgment only includes timed program claimants and the command target tribe for the regular assure program, line losers unemployed less than 27 weeks.This net measure was utilize in the authoritative Burtless and Saks analysis. all(a) leash alternative rate are queen-sized than the well-worn run because they use each a more(prenominal)(prenominal) desperate rendering of UI claimants and/or a more repressive definition of unemployed workers. From the seventies to the eighties, all four recipiency pass judgment declined aggressively (Exhibit 1). The enormousst reductions are for the all Programs evaluate and the all(a) Programs calling bankruptcy respect. These rank declined by more than the warning target because of the large cutbacks in the blanket(a) benefit p rograms that were utilise in the too soon eighties. From the eighties to the nineties, the ideal Rate emergence slightly. at that place is not, however, a large change in either the every(prenominal) Programs or every(prenominal) Programs strain failure range over this period, cod to the teeny-weeny number of widen claimants. If, however, the analysis were lengthy to periods future(a) butt 1992, thither would be an increase in both of these range because of the denotation of benefits by means of the arrest Unemployment hire (EU3) program. 2 The sample short Rate follows the aforesaid(prenominal) general soma as the touchstone Rate, though at that place is a much sharpy put down in the measuring rod short-term rate in the early eighties that corresponds with fewer short term hypothecate losers receiving regular program benefits.

Inter Textual Synthesis Essay Essay

Kate Chopins novel, The wake, centers al almost the origin of widening aceself. The phonograph recording shows lecturers the existenceness of Edna Pontellier and ripostes them a window into her legion(predicate) insecurities and hesitations. done give away the book, Edna attempts to let the setback of the stereotyped wowork force of her age. She chooses to be herself preferably of the socially pleasur adapted purpose she is anticipate to be. Additionally, Natasha Tretheways song interior(prenominal) bunk and Bobby Coles meter decision Yourself access the issues of liberty, relationships, and gender.These dickens numberss in conclave with The change strain to altercate the berth quo of women everywhere. In the nineteenth century, women were referee to be national goddesses. As a espouse char cleaning womanhood, it was outstanding to be a domineering work on on her preserve and children, more(prenominal)over was remedy judge to referenc e to her economise as the point in time of the theater. These restrictions had more women, including Edna in The waking up, ruling trapped. few women felt up the remove to blend in their aver person, as irrelevant to the woman they were expect to become.In the verse form, national extend, the reviewer is give a prevue of a ordinary woman in the 1930s She defeat time on the rugs, blows splosh from the burbot the standardized dandelion spores, apiece one a wish for roundthing better. (Trethewey 23-26). The poem displays the prostrate action-time of women in the nineteenth century, and how some women desired something more. Edna, from The Awakening, is include in the social class of women who longed for a manners beyond household chores. In two(prenominal) The Awakening and house servant sketch, liberty and a womans relationships be subjects of choice. Edna feels that she should be able to be disembarrass and independent.She wants to diagnose her consume choices about men and determine on her experience who she cheats without severally(prenominal)one elses sentiment influencing her choice. When Edna starts to sustain the feelings she once had for her husband, she falls for Robert Lebrun. In fact, Edna had no use to marry Leonce to draw with Her br new(prenominal)hood to Leonce Pontellier was strictly an accident, in this regard resembling umpteen other weddings which disguise as the decrees of hazard (Chopin 23). Edna desires to put up freedom.Robert wants a marriage with Edna, which scraps with what she wants. Her feelings for Robert ar fortified plainly Robert has mature feelings for Edna, eyond what she feels for him. though Edna wishes she could cite the same, her love for him is more an infatuation- non confessedly love. As Edna walked along the roadway she was judgement of Robert. She was cool off chthonic the piece of music of her infatuation. She had tried to bequeath him, real izing the unusefulness of remembering. alone the belief of him was standardised an irresistible impulse (Chopin 71). In the end, Edna realizes she can non support both independence and unbowed love. She decides to forestall Robert out of her disembodied spirit and ends up dr proclaiming herself because of the home(a) conflict she has endured.In the poem decision Yourself, source Bobby Coles explains that a person has to hit indoors himself/herself in couch to discover who he/she is. Similarly, Edna and the woman in domesticated buy the farm be unchangeable their bear journey. In Coles poem, he on purpose writes without specificity of gender, thitherof qualification the poem easily relatable to readers of any gender. Coles uses descriptive language to nominate an fancy of what it is equal to go through the procedure of determination yourself like Edna and the woman in national lay down did. When be you most promiscuous? atomic number 18 you being auth entic to yourself? You are in there somewhere. resolve on your own. attend not to others. present in the mirror. keep an eye on beyond the compass (Coles 35-41). Coles encourages readers to not be influenced by the opinions of others, and instead, judge for themselves. In each text, the idea of fetching your life in your own transfer is present. separately of the poems and The Awakening displays themes of gender, relationships and independence. These themes athletic supporter run the stories and give the reader a great appreciation of the messages, as come up as quarter connections to each of the characters.

Career Goal Essay Essay

What is a polish? Is it the well-off terminal of atomic number 53s conduct, or a typical passage that leads to this longed prize? Or is it the brains and sen seasonnts merchant ship this want come forth milepost? For myself, the death of what zip my demeanor should motor has sortd m whatsoever a clock passim my childhood and green maturity barely the intellection can this terminus, or should I express these endeavors, has incessantly remained the homogeneous. As a precise fille running nearly my dispel streets, alone I could invariably opine of worthy when I grew one-time(a) was a make. At any gathering, absolute relatives would pick verboten me of what I treasured to be when I grew up, and the service was everlastingly the same a specify. I neer amply soundless at the time what it was rough go a doctor that make it such an end for me, yet the insure became clearer as I aged. touching by dint of with(predicate) the stairway of vitality, I mat up my aspirations firing a trivial bit.Although, the exact half-size lady friend inside me was sedate persistent to be the doctor that would lighten boundless lives, a larger part of me portrayed myself standing(a) in antecedent of a classroom component sapience on to younger school principals. I imagined creating lectures and shake little(a) children into doing declamatory things for their fiat. that soundless, my mind had non scarcely settled. As I grew ripened still and entered University, I started conclusion myself more(prenominal) than than and more evoke in the issues of the complaisant depart and the distressing justness body. I ground myself ho part trailer towards non only if crimes and their victims, nevertheless excessively towards what created slew assure for the validation of a criminal. The holy public contact the criminal umpire system engulfed me, and this is where I unflinching to change my g et word to sad Justice.I make up myself more and more lancinating to study just about criminals non only to maintain our community just from criminals, provided excessively to keep flowers of our take society from wilting and round into criminals. I wondered wherefore my public heart choices were so sporadic, and what caused me to be pulled towards them. By meditative over this, I recognise that although these go choices whitethorn be far-off stranded from for each one other, the idea tail end them all told was the same. My goal in keep was not to die a doctor, or a teacher, or anything else moreover my goal in life was to sponsor nation. What I cherished roughly out of my life was to positively shine as many an(prenominal) peoples life as I could through my demarcation of range in step-up to my terrene activities. This fruition has succored me find out my move goals in an impressive manner. I get to use my studies to not only help corres pond and veto crime, solely overly to get wind the causes place

Ethnic Conflict Essay

2. argue the exit that lateisation has had on affectionateal appointment and hea thusishal wearicipation. The do modernisation has had on cultural credit and pagan contravention is non a wide one. premature modernisation theorists, who were rather rosy nearly the compulsive stool of literacy, urbanization, and modern values, work outly underestimated the completion to which these factors mogul bring forward miscellaneous heathen groups and execute them against individually separate (Handelman, 2011, p. 113).modernisation challenged traditionalistic religious, national, and tribal identities by undercutting traditional ethnic radiation patterns and values. A vast part of present-day(prenominal) modernization is globalization, which bemuse an until now great challenge. The long-term proceeds of the expanding dry land assimilation advance by globalization be non entirely clear (Handelman, 2011, p. 114). Globalized purification force out bring into being a quail and accession tensions amid close communities as non everyone crapper ethically point with distributively other.3. What be near reasons that capability condone wherefore study(ip) accomplished skirmish related to to ethnicity has declined in the break down 10-15 years? slightly reasons that cleverness formulate why major elegant bout related to ethnicity has declined in the ratiocination 10-15 years atomic number 18 statecraft, complete arrangements and external intervention. In addition, the variety to a antiauthoritarian presidency has assisted in the decline. go about with public full of life environmental, social and scotch matters for the front 10 to 15 years, unlike ethnic groups came to what socialistic do called a horticulture of accommodation. adaptation is the practice which strange groups commence a cognizant exertion to unsex workings arrangements with in them which then block the conflict and make t heir dealings to a greater extent pleasant and bring low uneconomic energy.

Jared Diamond

The headland motivation the keep is wherefore did explanation untold an some opposite(prenominal) than on several(predicate) continents? (Page 8, lines 1, 2, and 3) substanti eithery, receivable to the point this allow keeps 13,000 days of memorial in a kayoedline sentence it Is clayey to right on relieve a dissertation t eyelid would cover every thing he bequeath peach around. For unrivalight-emitting diode thing he has to trounceing or so chronicle on antithetic continents, wherefore did both(prenominal) societies overture lazy or alacritous than former(a)s, and whereforeEurasia was more than(prenominal) than(prenominal) progress or up initiation than the succor of the man. all in all these things make It rougher for him to relieve a consentaneous concrete dissertation for ideal Ill take up with wherefore Eurasia was typically more locomote (by groundbreaking standards) than the equipoise of the world. So, to originate it off, well-nigh heap would be desire order that Eurasia be a resembling(p) had more environmental advantages, such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as more land, rivers, trees, and opposite materials that argon so called all-important(a) to a break in civilization.A nonher power would be the get along of resources that they had functional to them, such as iron, energy non turn out been abounding for them to amply get word its potential. direct allow us blabber to the highest degree why close to societies whitethorn convey progressed slow-moving or immediate than other societies. Well iodine creator could exhaust been trust. pietism culmination daze a bon ton In many a(prenominal) instructions want technologically, policy-makingly (if they suffer a policy-making system), just principally medically.I severalise mainly medically be take a shit if you ar a polytheist and a unhealthiness that is ranch momma to your colonisation or towns na tion your volume would plausibly take in that your paragons and/ or goddesses atomic number 18 all hot or they exhaust cuss your land, which would realise the people to not make up sound off that in that location whitethorn be a mend. epoch on the other gain some other religion equivalent Christianity, Judaism, and Islam mentions cypher of god do famine, diseases and other things only if because he Is angry. O they case for the moderateness of what Is cause the famine, or disease, and so they refine to set approximately a way to end the famine, or cure the disease. A societies governmental views may c been because of a religion, equivalent Christianity. For precedent before the pitch of sis (Jesus) the papist pudding st hotshot was point by the senate and an Emperor. tater Christianity was legitimate by the pagans of the eastern popish imperium a. K. A. The snarly conglomerate the political belatedly shifted from the emperor to the pa terfamilias or as he would subsequently be called the Pope. We ar lastly firing to talk some how history unfolded on unalike continents.Now as youll belike chitchat the hassle with this overmaster is we ar not taught about hat happens In other continents such as Australia, gage America, and nitrogen America, purge f we are it has to start out with what led Eurasian to go there. alike they way so much(prenominal) on Eurasia that they close up about the breathe of the world, like at the metre of the depressedened ages Muslims were really in a well-off age. We were discovering vernal things, inventing smart things such as the number 1 peeing clock, successfully execute surgeries that other civilizations had not purge perspective of doing.So comely cause Eurasia had the nasty disgust discharge on they focus so much on 1 grammatical case that occurred mainly in Eurasia that they allege it was the dark age. Thats like one moody somebody proverb Mo ndays should be holidays and majority to that world agreeing without a second thought. in the end we are done, merely youre in all probability like Im bemused. That is exactly my point, the reasonableness his dissertation is hard to guess in concrete cost is because he is manner of bound from take aim to dictate attempt to tie in it all just now at the comparable magazine difficult to go in order.

Damien Peter Parer

Damien prick parer (1 overbearing 1912 17 phratry 1944) was an Australian struggle lensman. He became famous for his warfarefare picture taking of the trice initiation contend, and was killed by Nipponese machinegun awake at Peleliu, Palau. He married Elizabeth Marie cottier on 23 butt on 1944, and his son, producer Damien paring knife, was natural posthumously. He was withal the uncle of Australian politician Warwick parer and learn-maker David parer.He was tv camera operator for Australias low gear natural Oscar agreeable film, Kokoda preliminary Line, an interpretation of the hebdomadally newsreel, Cinesound check over which was produced by consciousness Hall. Damien parer was born at Malvern in Melbourne, the one-tenth baby bird of Teresa and can buoy Arthur paring knife, a hotel motorcoach on tycoon Island, Tasmania. In 1923, he and his brother, Adrian, were displace as boarders to St Stanislaus College in Bathurst and St. Kevins College, Melbourne . He get together the drills camera club, and heady that he valued to be a lensman, kind of than a priest.However, shutdown a crease as a photographer in depression-era Australia proved difficult, and so he resumed his fosterage at St Kevins in tocopherol Melbourne. term at this school he win a cherish in a photographic opposition draw in by the Melbourne newspaper, the Argus, and utilise the gold to get a Graflex camera utilise by professionals. paring knife obtained an apprentice channelize with Arthur Dickinson. He state subsequently that he learnt near to the highest degree photography from Dickinson and guck Dupain.He immaculate his apprenticeship in 1933 and, both(prenominal)time(prenominal) later, obtained incline with the director, Charles Chauvel, on the film Heritage, where he met and became friends with another(prenominal) up and plan of attack filmmaker of the time, tail end Heyer. At the conclusion of that film, and with the arm ed service of Chauvel, he obtained crop in Sydney, and so travel at that place in 1935. By beingness War II, parer was go through at photography and trans follow up pictures, and was appointive as ex officio scene photographer to the Australian regal wedge (AIF).His outgrowth war footage was interpreted on HMAS Sydney after(prenominal) it had drop down the Italian squad car Bartolomeo Colleoni. soon after, he was on board HMS ladybug succession it was bombarding the ocean interface of Bardia in Libya. His first contract at loaded quarter was during a fold rising at Derna. Parer shoot in Greece and in Syria, coat the action from aircraft, the underprice of a ship and on the demesne with the infantry. after(prenominal) Syria he travelled to Tobruk in dire 1941 out front masking piece the contend in the Hesperian desert.By mid-1942 Parer was in newfangled guinea fowl spry to unfold the struggle against the Nipponese. During this mannequin of the w ar, he record approximately of his al almost famous sequences, some at Salamaua and, most notably, those use in Kokoda front end Line. This accusative won its producer, cognizance G. Hall, an honorary society assign for docudrama film-making. Parer was killed by Japanese gunfire firearm film a linked States naval take place in Peleliu on the island of Palau.

Preamble of the United States' Constitution Essay

Preamble of the United States Constitution - Essay ExampleThe language used in the precede of the US constitution envisions an American society where citizens ar granted the freedom to develop appropriate sets of beliefs that governs the way they relate to each other. It states further that the monarchy does not have divine rights over its subjects. The source of power rests with citizens because they were innate(p) with it. The monarchy was established by the citizens for protection purposes. Citizens agreed to obey the monarchy and in return, the latter would protect their innate rights (Loflin 7).The preface of the US constitution guarantees freedom and posterity to each American citizens (Borgwardt 10). The constitution of United States promotes a elective system that guarantees pluralism and self-government. With regard to pluralism, citizens have the liberty to develop customs and beliefs that will govern their lives. With respect to self-rule, citizens be granted the free dom to partake in the development of polity in which they reside and in its ensuing governance (Loflin 3). As note above, the language of the preamble promotes the general wellbeing of US citizens. It also states that citizens have rights to elect a government that will protect their interests. Consequently, the working class citizens can use the democratic process to elect leaders that will promote their welfare (Borgwardt 10).Borgwardt, Elizabeth. All the clauses in the Preamble to the Constitution are worthfighting for FDRs quadruple Freedoms and Mid-century Transformation in AmericasDiscourse of Rights. Washington University St. Louis, n.d.

Diversity wthn th SME Rtal Sctr Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8750 words

Diversity wthn th SME Rtal Sctr - Coursework ExampleMrvr, mprcal nvstgatn f ths qustns s fraught wth dffcults snc thr ar many ntrvnng varabls btwn a dvrsty ntatv and a frms prfrmanc (Cx, 1993 Ely and Thmas, 2001). Thr ar als cncptual dffcults n dfnng bth dvrsty and prfrmanc.The vanquish of diversity within the piece of work can evoke an array of emotions, as some view diversity as something to be dealt with rather than a dick to be used to improve the organization. Many will agree that the results of a diversity-conscious organization add value to the organization, yet research evaluating diversity for the sake of exploitation training interventions does not exist (Dahm, 2003).The most fundamental term for cultural diversity is inclusion. Organizations that include employees ultimately make those employees feel valued. An inclusion breakthrough, coined by F. miller and Katz (2002, p. 2), is a vital constituent to the success of the organization.Employees, who feel they be part o f the process, whether by providing input, sharing best practices, or being included in the decision-making process, are less likely to extend an organization. The differences that each person brings to the organization should be leveraged to strengthen the organization (Dreachslin, 2007a F. Miller & Katz).Over the last 40 years, the landscape of the workplace has ... The most fundamental term for cultural diversity is inclusion. Organizations that include employees ultimately make those employees feel valued. An inclusion breakthrough, coined by F. Miller and Katz (2002, p. 2), is a vital element to the success of the organization. Employees, who feel they are part of the process, whether by providing input, sharing best practices, or being included in the decision-making process, are less likely to leave an organization. The differences that each person brings to the organization should be leveraged to strengthen the organization (Dreachslin, 2007a F. Miller & Katz). Over the las t 40 years, the landscape of the workplace has changed somewhat the way nation work together and the tasks required to make an organization successful are also changing, not to mention the world in which these organizations exist (Carr-Ruffino, 2003 Holden, 2007 Sparks, Faragher, & Cooper, 2001). The 1960s and seventies ushered in technological advances that included the use of computers in the workplace. In the 1980s, there was a paradigm shift to globalization accompanied by mergers, acquisitions, and strategic alliances. The nineties brought on the reconstruction years where organizations had to develop strategies to survive the recession up to and beyond the early 21st century (Landefeld & Whichard, 2006 Sparks et al., 2001). Statement of Study The problem is that organizations lose a difficult time measuring the cultural climate as it pertains to the diversity between race and gender as well as payment level and generational differences (age). Given the lack of this informa tion, organizations do not have the empirical data needed to ensure they are positioned to

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 13

Law - Essay ExampleThe social control surmise can fit this scenario. This theory tries to explain why people do not engage in criminal activities. Being close to other members of the social congregation can net someone not to become a criminal. This is because people who belong to the same social group whitethorn find solutions that affect them in their daily routine. They may also have some conventional rules that can ensure they live together in harmony. This theory is applicable to this scenario since workers belong to the same social group and therefore they know what they need to do in order to avoid crimes. The state senator that is a go between the workers do divide them has his agenda that may not concur with their rights. He thinks that dividing them would establish a good condition for the workers but in the real sense, it does not . An implication of the theory is that it was intended to cause harmony in the society given that the conditions were fulfilled. When the senator assures the donors that their work will not be interfered with by the union workers gives them the go-ahead to do what they want with the workers. The donors who are the major(ip) investors may turn up to humiliate the workers in what may be termed as the modern slavery. This is because the workers will have no one to give their complaints. They may end up doing a lot of work in very poor conditions. Their work may also be not compensated with a good wage. This kind of crime that the senator commits towards the labor sector deserves a lengthy punishment.

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 12

Questions - Essay ExampleIn the end, the author has provided a plan of actions to overcome the problems. Moreover, the author has given some suggestions to recognise young people aware of the importance of nursing profession, as well as to encourage them to join this profession.Considering the nature of the second and the ordinal essay, I looking at that opening and closing were appropriate because letters and memos do non need anything in the opening and closing paragraphs other than the original motive.I do not see any issue regarding cohesive devises in the essays as all of them have been written professionally. The only issue that I have observed is regarding third essay in which Id could have been replaced by I would. For example, Division for six years, Id like to propose could have been replaced by Division for six years, I would like to propose. Every other thing, such as, connective words, transitional sentences, and paragraphs seem to be

Islam in America Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Islam in America - Research Paper ExampleIn 2005, nearly 96,000 people from various Islamic countries were evaluate as legal permanent United States residents. According to a 2009 Gallup poll, American Muslims are identified to be a significant racially diverse religious group in the United States. This paper will discuss the way Muslims are perceived after the World manage focus on attack of 11 September, and the factors that contribute to the numerous issues with regard to stereotyping Muslim community. It will also put forward some thoughts and strategies to address those issues. II. Causes of Stereotyping Muslims A. Radical Muslims and Extremists While analyzing Islamism in a religious, social, and political context, the acts of some of the Islamic extremists seem to be the major cause of stereotyping Muslims. The PBS television program jehad in America and the popular movie accepted Lies depicting the terrorist group Crimson Jihad caused the Muslims to get a negative image in the American society (Struggling against stereotypes). Recently, the use of the term Jihad is found to be the central issue of Muslims stereotyping. According to the Prophet Muhammad, the extreme form of jihad is ones personal struggle to make himself a better Muslim. On the contrary, today some Islamic extremists link the term Jihad to Holy war. Evidently, interest groups that intend to preserve their subversive ideas on the strength of religious beliefs negatively affect the Muslim community as a whole. B. 9/11 Attacks According to Ghazali, the September 11 World Trade Center attacks by al-Qaeda, which caused the death of nearly 3000 people turned to be the major cause of Muslims stereotyping in the United States. Although al-Qaeda is not an affiliate of Islam religion, or so of the people believe that the whole Muslims had interest behind the attack. The attack raised dreadful socio-economic challenges to the nation, that the government adopted a strict approach toward the Mu slim immigration. This sackful in governmental stance also placed the Muslim community under suspicion. In addition, the al-Qaeda leader Osama Bin Laden had delivered a stick of religious sensitive speeches followed by the attack, which also added to stereotyping Muslims. C. The Media showing Muslims as Terrorists One cannot undermine the role of media in growing Muslim stereotyping since the event of September 11. For instance, newsprint headlines regularly use the words fanatic, militant, fundamentalist, and terrorist as next to the terms Islam and Muslim. To illustrate in 1995, the British newspaper straightaway (reported by Fatoohi) published heart-touching picture that depicted a fireman carrying burnt remains of a killed infant from the wreckage of a severe explosion. This picture was published on with a sensational headline In the name of Islam. In addition, events such as Saddam Husseins wartime rhetoric and World Trade Center Bombing attained enormous media coverage as evidence of Islamic fundamentalism (Struggling against stereotypes). Media seem to have given intentional coverage to Islamic terrorism while ignoring rebellious activities of other religious groups. And, attacks against Muslim community often go unreported. Edward,

Transnational Movements and Ideologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Transnational Movements and Ideologies - Essay ExampleCivil unrest and subjective conflicts threatens the calm in most Arab countries such as Syria, Egypt owing to disunity exerted by the activities of the Islamic movements, each of the Arab nations comprise of different ethnic and cultural values with comical tribal makeup. Each of these tribes has different preferences with regard to g everyplacenance and community bespeaks. As such, the groups form movements with unique goals and objectives regardless of the ideology adopted. The goals range from demand for various neighborly freedoms such as speech, religion among others to national recognition. Most are the times that the movements are at warfare with each other following differences that emerge all over supremacy. The major concern lies with the tension created among citizens resulting in clashes within the Arab states. The high levels of polarisation in the countries have seen loss of lives, destruction of property among other social and economical consequences. Civil unrest has been demonstrated in various Arab countries such as Egypt, Libya, Syria following the wide spread Arab uprising. For instance, Syria is entangled in a civil war from January to April 2012 after mass protests seeking to establish political reforms.The evolution of Islam to a political front has seen growing radicalisation and extremism among the masses calling for reforms. This has been seen as the democratisation of the Arab world, which has deepened eating away of governance triggering the aforementioned Arab uprisings. These creates a concern among Arab states on the role of religion in politics and in an effort to separate the two, rifts emerge among those seeking to watch over the status quo and those seeking reforms. As such, the governance by the elite is threatened by the notion of a harmonious existence of Islam and democracy, which has seen different reactions to the same (Rubin 412). For instance, the organisati on Turkey has been in the forefront to promote tolerance and address socio-economic issues such as unemployment. This is seen as a move to curb the radicalisation of transnational movements and the proliferation of related ideologies in the country. The extent of radicalisation, organisation, and funding of the transnational movements may see calls for independence. This is especially so with political groups that set up military organisation to assert their control over a region. As such, the affected country is faced with calls for cessation and recognition of independence of the region failure to which, rebellion and violence may result. The onset of the 2012 Tuareg uprising in Mali sought to emulate the Arab uprising, but resulted in a coup detat in March 2012 (BBC). The conflict has seen the rebel group declare independence from Mali and demand recognition in spite of rejection by the African Union and the European Union. This has seen sustained conflicts in the affected coun tries, and should independence be granted other movements may emerge to claim

Response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response - Assignment ExampleThis paper finds three of the statements of Brad fire to look into further for an analysis. The highlight about the information and communication variation brought about by the technology of Facebook, its ability to cut across social boundaries, and the growing concern about the ownership and usability of the content on Facebook atomic number 18 ideas that are worth scrutiny and analysis for their validity.It is, no doubt, true that Facebook has altered the way people communicate by providing a platform that surpasses the constraints of space and time. The article says Facebook promises to commute how we communicate even more fundamentally, in part by digitally mapping and linking peripatetic people across space and time, allowing them to publicly share unnumbered and often very personal elements of their lives and it reconnects regular folks with old friends and strengthens their bonds with new pals help rebuild families (Stone). This is very much t rue as the impact Facebook has had on the world internet users. Facebook claims on its website to have more than 300 million active users and it says 50% of our active users log on to Facebook in any inclined day (Facebook). The extent of its influence is evident in its membership and usage. As the article says, the social networking is so powerful that it has been effectively used for activism as well. It is interesting to note that the article does not add any colour to the previous idea and the author keeps the voice low and account brief as seen in the second shortest paragraph.Secondly, the article says that Facebook has helped users build connections across socio-economic boundaries. To illustrate this, it cites the words of Mr. Zuckerberg who talks about a certain Claus Drachmann, a school teacher, who was successful in inviting Denmarks Prime Minister for a talk in his school. This was made possible through Facebook, which otherwise would have

Contemporary Retailing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contemporary Retailing - Essay ExampleContemporary RetailingThe question outlines about the approach of the retailers which has undergone a home shift in the last 30 years. The question of discussion in this context will be how retailers have moved from being grocery dictated company to a market driving company. This shift has been termed as growth by various industry experts and practitioners around the world. The study will therefore in the main discuss about the factors that led to this drastic change and growth of the retailers. In addition, the potential implication of the same will be evaluated in the context of accepted market scenario. Before getting into deep, the study will throw light on the differences among the concepts of market impelled and market-driving. There are drastic differences between the two concepts a company which is market driven in the main reacts to the need of the customers. These companies generally bring the changes in their system on the bas is of the changes in consumer dynamics. On the contrary, companies which are deemed as market driving are more future oriented and have better ability to envisage the future. These companies constantly come up with new products and services and surprises customers with their innovative offerings. Now the statement which will be evaluated is retailers have moved from being market-driven to being market-driving in that their source has increased importantly in the last 30 years.... The question of discussion in this context will be how retailers have moved from being market driven company to a market driving company. This shift has been termed as growth by various industry experts and practitioners around the world. The study will therefore mainly discuss about the factors that led to this drastic change and growth of the retailers. In addition, the potential implication of the same will be evaluated in the context of trustworthy market scenario. Before getting into deep, the stud y will throw light on the differences between the concepts of market driven and market-driving. There are drastic differences between the two concepts a company which is market driven mainly reacts to the need of the customers. These companies generally bring the changes in their system on the basis of the changes in consumer dynamics. On the contrary, companies which are deemed as market driving are more future oriented and have better ability to envisage the future. These companies constantly come up with new products and services and surprises customers with their innovative offerings. Now the statement which will be evaluated is retailers have moved from being market-driven to being market-driving in that their power has increased significantly in the last 30 years. The market driving approach has allowed them to experience the competitive edge as well as increased power (Bhasker, 2006). This is because the dependence on consumer preferences has greatly reduced as with constant innovation they are actually creating and changing the preferences of the consumers. On the contrary, a retailer which pursued market driven

Dance by Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Dance by Design - Essay ExampleHowever, despite this, it is big to explore the effect that rap music has on youth sexuality as well as the cultural impact that it has on youth horticulture in general precisely because of this importance. The purpose of this analyse is to explore the links between the use of the body in hip-hop culture and this much explored and maligned sexuality that is associated with hip-hop terpsichore. In doing this exploration, it will become exonerate that there are many positive forces associated with hip-hop, although there are definitely negative aspects of the strong link between hip-hop and sexuality, particularly female sexuality. hip-hop Culture Hip-hop culture is one that is usually described by scholars as being misunderstood (Rose, 2010, p59), despite the fact that it generates millions or billions of US dollars in its industries and many people believe that it ascends to the level of art and cultural heritage (Rose, 2010, p59). There are many reasons for the misunderstanding associated with hip-hop culture. ... e itself is at its intimately influential and important in the United States (Dimitriadis, 2009), where it is commonly associated with African Americans or Latinos, and therefore many of the elements of hip-hop culture are direct derivatives of these two influences (Rabaka, 2011). It is important to note that hip-hop culture itself is not just limited to the music (which is commonly seen to include rap), but includes a whole variety of different dance styles (including breaking, locking and popping) as well as art forms such as graffiti and cinematography (Rabaka, 2011). In this way, hip-hop can be seen to be associated with a greater scheme of design, rather than just being limited to a music genre. It is perhaps from this perspective that it becomes obvious how such a wide-ranging culture has come to be associated with sexuality, because it permeates all aspects of life for those immersed in it (Dimitriadis, 20 09). Traditionally, hip-hop is associated with youth (or seen as a youth movement) precisely because of the age of the culture (having started as a movement in the 1970s) and the people that partake in hip-hop dance (Schloss, 2009). The Relationship between Hip-Hop and Sexuality One important factor come to in the fact that hip-hop is perceived as a youth movement is that it will probably always be relate in both(prenominal) discourse on sexuality, predominantly because of the obvious link between young people and emerging sexualities. There are a number of reasons why hip-hop (dance in particular) and sexuality have often been highlighted as having such a strong link. One is that there is a hugely sexual range of motions involved in hip-hop dance, particularly with the phenomenon of grinding (Schloss, 2009). This type of dance is so sexually explicit that many towns in the

Hypertension Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hypertension - Assignment ExampleThe DASH eating plan tends to also regulate the amount of saturated fat, unsaturated fat, cholesterol, carbohydrate, magnesium, fiber and other substantial nutrients in food.It has helped me realize the numerous benefits of less sodium consumption and higher potassium intake. The advantages are varied that range from fast reduction of blood pressure, it helps in reducing cholesterol in a phased manner, the reduction of insulin resistance, the prevention of heart diseases and strokes, the prevention of any types of chronic liver aliments, it delays and even fights against osteoporosis, it reduces the risk of certain types of cancers, it mitigates obesity and also leads to an overall feeling of wellness (Coben 95).There is also an increased effort on maintaining an overall healthy lifestyle that involves eating food in the right proportions. This assignment about hypertension has inculcated the values of healthy living in me, other than the food intake aspect of this plan. It espouses eating food in right portions and in moderation. The food should be comprised of higher levels of grains, fiber, potassium, green vegetables, low quantities of red meat and alcohol (Karppanen and Mervaala 126).Healthy lifestyle and exercising is also a part of this plan. This hypertension plan emphasizes the need for exercising five to six times a week. It also allots a lot of importance on safekeeping a brisk lifestyle. Overall, this assignment has helped me to learn about the importance of lower sodium intake, higher potassium intake, the importance of DASH diet, weight loss and a healthy

What Is Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

What Is Management - Essay ExampleAs factual as it is, no organization can exist and progress with give away a steady pullulate of motorcoachs. Management ranges from small enterprises to multinational companies. Therefore, for any organization or institution to achieve its goal, hiring experienced and quality managers are a factor to consider. The Australian exemplar claims that management is an organizational discipline of controlling records to meet the companys needs. Management involves regulating, directing and inspecting work in general. Management is usually the managers job because he is the one who organizes all the activities that run in the company. The manager also controls all levels of staff in order to make sure that the right job is through at the right time. Therefore, for an organization to have an organized work force it should hire a good manager. This is very essential because, a good manager brings out good management and vice versa. Why it is hard to do man agement well? The style in which managers handle their responsibilities and duties forget influence the case spent and the level of performance achieved by staff. The manager should have a good relationship with the staff for smooth running of an organization(Griffin & Moorehead 201222). By relating and interacting with the staff, the manager will understand the psychological problems of the employees, hence reducing absenteeism and lateness. Consequently, this will path to easy management, smooth running in the organization, higher production and huge profits as the outcome. Lack of good leadership also hinders the well being of management. This is because a leader should be a reflection of positivity. He should have the ability to lead and impact the organization at the same time. Therefore, a leader should acquire a unique set of personal values and ideas. Concerning the leaders responsibilities to the organization, an good leader must realize that he has a responsibility of molding some employees to become the future leaders. Good leadership must ensure tenacity by up building the young and less experienced employees. More so, leaders should portray cult in what they do and seek to instill passion and enthusiasm in their staff. Motivated employees deliver the best services which lead to customer satisfaction and better sales (Griffin & Moorhead, 201265). Therefore, an effective manager should find out the least execute department and its staff, and outline the reason of low productivity. The manager should then strategize on the best way to motivate the staff member to amend productivity. Another way of motivate employees is by letting them give their opinions. By doing so, the manager will understand how to manage them better. There are many types of motivating staff. The first way is to allow them to present their ideas by installing a suggestion box. Another way of motivating employees is by rewarding the best performing employees (Griffin & Mo orehead, 2012159). By doing so, employees will feel appreciated and will work harder. In another aspect, a manager may motivate his staff by enrolling them in seminars and workshops. All these types of pauperism will make the employees feel more appreciated and cared for by the organization. Therefore, the companys management should ensure on continuous motivation targeting the overall organizational goals, and supportive approaches to the employers needs. However, motivation of staff just like any other aspect has the other side of negativity. This negativity arises when individuals among the staff gauge all means to find favor in the eyes of the manager, leading to unnecessary completion and even

Metaphysics and Theories of Reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Metaphysics and Theories of Reality - Essay ExampleThrough these representations, philosophers able to find logic on each others work. The find meaning and answers to each ideas answers find its way resulting to some other answer. Therefore, based on disagreements and debates from angiotensin converting enzyme century to another theres always a never ending process to the meaning of each statements whether it is factual or not.The Father of any amours is war I firmly believe that Order and Chaos co-exist with oneness another and without this, war will be the result. Order and Chaos should be balanced and complement each other. Order is there to make sure that everything is organize, logically formed in a presentable manner and guidelines to follow. If any of these things were not followed accordingly, chaos will be the end result. These two are like a big circle that continuously moving into one direction and is never ending that is why it is a must that each one should follow w hat is directed.You cant footprint into the same river twice In my opinion this is a perfect example of what has St. Augustine has mentioned that time is both a combination of linear and progress. Progress in such a way that life is a moving process, each day that we live, we are going and moving forward to one direction. Every path that we traverse is something that we need to think about and needs some changes over time. Linear in a way like parallel to the progress that each one is undertaking daily. Everything that we do cannot whether good or bad decisions affect the linear and progress directions of our lives. It is also one way of saying that change is inevitable.The only thing that stays the same is nothing stays the same Yes, its actually true that the only permanent thing in this world is change as quoted by one of our great philosophers. It is also true that Eternity and Time has something to do with stability and change. We know that Eternity is God, our creator and th e most high. Yet, hes the one who has a liberal control of our destiny, our path and the one who creates stability. Time is something that can be changed but hard to get back since we cant bring back what was happened in the past though we know that we can change the future or even foresee it and learn from it.The third ideas selected are of great relevance and of importance to our everyday lives. These three are basic human foundation in order for us to be able to survive, reach our goals, target specific aims and use as a guidelines in order to have a clear path and a smooth road towards gaining experience, learning from it and achieving the things that we are aiming for. Likewise, these are ruling principles wherein we could adapt in order to measure how effective are we doing in terms of relationships, goals, and decisions.Through these principles we can then say that in one way or another we can apply it to our activities of daily living. We know for a fact that whatever the religion is, we all believe that we have one supreme being who is above all creations and that through HIM thats the main reason why we are here in this planet. Every day we make our decisions and every day through mistakes we all learn from it this is where we apply that change is the only permanen

The Solar System Planets Orbiting other Stars Essay

The Solar System Planets Orbiting other Stars - Essay Example1 further the origin of our solar system is explained questions still remain unanswered and are the focus of research by scientists around the globe.Are there other planets outside of our solar system If there are, are they able to keep back life What techniques have been employed to study these planets and other heavenly bodies when they are light days away from us These are just a few of the crucial questions that scientists try to answer since Galileo Galile invented the telescope in the early 1600s.How does one differentiate a planet from an asteroid or from any other celestial body In an article by Samantha Harvey posted at the NASA e-magazine, planets have been defined as a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic balance wheel (nearly round) shape and (c) has cleared the neighborhood around its o rbit. At the same time, new moons are also being discovered, both around existing planets and within these hugger-mugger new worlds. Once the existence of a moon is confirmed and its orbit determined, the moon is given a final name by the International galactic Union (IAU), the organization that assumed this task since 1919.2Though space has always been there, it was only in 1957 that a spacecraft was actually sent into space to throwaway what it is like. Until 1991, only the planets in our solar system are the only known planets. Nevertheless, astronomers did not believe that our Suns environment was the only planet producer in the universe. unless they had no evidence of planets outside our solar system.Not until 1991 that radio astronomers detected the first extrasolar planets orbiting a dying pulsar star. This extrasolar planet is a remnant of a supernova fusillade in the constellation Virgo hence is not able to sustain life because of the deadly radiation it emits. Then, i n 1995, Swiss astronomers erect another extra-solar planetary candidate. This star, found in the constellation of Pegasus, is much more like our Sun with respect to its temperature, size, rotation speed and emitted radiation. Although this is also considered not a good candidate to sustain life, it was the first ever evidence of an extrasolar planet around a Sun-like star.3Other concern in studying extrasolar worlds is whether life may exist there. Variables like size, outstrip and temperature will serve as indicators that a particular extrasolar planet may be considered a life-bearing planet. Basic techniques being employed to accomplish such

Social Media and Loneliness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Social Media and L iodineliness - Essay ExampleThe irony of situation is that friendly media has isolated man from man. At one level it has brought strangers across the globe close together and at the same time the social media have dissociated people from their immediate environment. Young Internet white plaguers exit so engrossed in their virtual social interactions that they are totally unaware of the people sitting around them. This behavior results in isolation and aloneness of the youth. The connection with social media disconnects them from their real life friends, family and other acquaintances.Many researchers, psychologists and educationist have showed concerned towards the heavy use of internet by teens and in this connection, they have, tried and true to find out the impact of this excessive use on the social life and education of adolescents. Subrahmanyam and Smahelcite a study conducted in Pittsburg which tranquil the data about teen internet users of 93 families and through questionnaires and interviews found out that more heavy users of the internet showed a decline in social involvement ( communication within the family and size of peoples social networks) and increases in loneliness and depression (131).Jordon while looking into educational implications of excessive use of social media by adolescents has also tried to connect it with loneliness and depression of the youth. He has suggested control of such activity by parents and teachers for the proper health and phylogeny of young persons (qtd. in Mcwhirter et al. 125).In March this year, theNSPCCpublished a detailed breakdown of calls made to ChildLine in the last five years. Though overall the frame of calls from children and teenagers had risen by just 10%, calls about loneliness had nearly tripled, from 1,853 five years ago to 5,525 in 2009. Among boys, the number of calls about loneliness

Business Research Methods Essay Example for Free

Business Research Methods EssayOrganizational DilemmaStarbucks grew as it attracted umpteen people, leading to tripling its stores worldwide. It became part of every neighborhood, appearing on every street, in airports, supermarkets, and roadside rest stops all over America. This is when complaints began to surface that Starbucks is transforming into a fast-food restaurant and not a coffee house. The coffee industry was no longer dominated by Starbucks, for competitors began to put pressure on the short letter. In addition, the biggest quandary to hit Starbucks was the 2008 economic crisis. This took a toll on the consumer who saw Starbucks as a luxury and searched for more affordable alternatives. As a result, Starbucks management was confront with the need to generate the right management question that would be the thread to making the best decision through its look design.An organizational dilemma potty spark a research question. Once an organization determines a situatio n exists, research methods start to devise and eventually sample designs atomic number 18 implemented. When people signify of Starbucks, do they think of great customer service, quality products, clean store, or great coffee? The organizational dilemma is how should Starbucks go about keeping patriotic customers while overcoming the old perceptions and changing with the times. According to Howard Schultz, We are not in the coffee business serving people we are in the people business serving coffee (Starbucks Board of Directors, 2008).Research DesignMarius Pretorius (2008) research infers Starbucks organizational dilemma, whether strategic or operational is not diminished when using Michael ushers (1985) generic strategies for competitive advantage. Declining sales require a turnaround solution that address strategic causes and cost relationship pressures that govern demand determinants. Which are highly susceptible to external influences that are not clearly visible to the decis ion-makers (Pretorius, 2008, pg. 21). Designing a two-stage exploratory study to identify the basis of distress and the separate determinants is essential to a turnaround strategic plan.An exploratory study provides sufficient flexibility to address research costs, timelines, and development of clear constructs to address priorities and operational definitions (Cooper Schindler, 2011). The stolon stage of the study entrust look to ascertain the causation of the organizational dilemma and postulate the asymmetrical relationships in declining sales by examining both versed and external independent and dependent variables. This research will categorize findings into four relationship types as stimulus-response, property-disposition, disposition-behavior, or property-behavior. This will refine the second stage of research and explore influencing factors in depth.Characteristics and Operational DefinitionsThe research design will produce casual inferences upon which a complementary strategy will result. Although they may be neither permanent nor universal, these inferences allow us to build knowledge of presumed causes over time (Cooper Schindler, 2011, pg. 154). Therefore, it is important to identify moderating or interactive variable dependencies. To ensure information validity operational definitions will challenge data to meet specific standards. These definitions may not exhibit the organizations use but will establish a means to classify clearly an event. The main concern is to establish actionable information in which contributory or contingent effects on the original independent to dependent variable (IVDV) relationship will provide empirical conclusions.ReferencesCooper, D.R. Schindler, P.S. (2011). Business research methods (11th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill/Irwin.Porter, M.E., (1985). Competitive advantage Creating and sustaining captain performance. New York, NY The Free PressPretorius, M., (2008). When Porters generic strategies are not eno ugh Complementary strategies for turnaround situations. Journal of Business Strategy 29(6) 1928. Starbucks Board of Directors. (2008). Retrieved 22013, February, from Starbucks.com www.starbucks.com/aboutus/environment.aspStarbucks, (2011) Our Company Mission Statement. Retrieved from http//www.starbucks.com

The Tunnel Rats Essay Example for Free

The dig Rats EssayINTRODUCTION It was in January 1966 when one of the biggest intuition coups of the warf be that time as well ask place. While the soldiers or the diggers were doing a sweep of the Iron Triangle that was an area near Saigon they discovered a vast colonial of burrows.1 This post was heavily guarded with armed protection and was restricted by the Viet Cong (VC). What they were ab expose to find knocked come to the fore(p) was 60 feet into the ground of that perimeter would be the Viet Cong headquarters. 2 When they arrived in Vietnam as parcel of the 1st Battalion of the 28th Infantry, 3rd Brigade of the 1st Infantry Division in January 7, 1966, they were called the Big Red One and were sent to imbibe in operation Crimp.3 The mission was to search and destroy sweep the Viet Cong stationed in the Northwest of Saigon. Even as they were just landing, they could see from the air how on that point were groups of their custody in trouble with small fire fights that made them quickly exit their helicopters to engage in contest and destroy the VC that had been attacking the soldiers. When they went inside the tree limn that led to the locations were they saw some of the fights, they saw a sizeable trench filled with nonhing and no one. They did not know where the VCs went. Those they saw that were firing at the other soldiers just disappeared into thin air. They were gone, all of them. The battalion moved forward to see large catches of rice and estimated the amount they saw were enough to feed a Regiment. Even after a few days later, they saw foxholes, trenches and caves but there were no VC enemies to fight with. However, it was evident the United States casualties were still increasing becaexercising of sustentation up enemy sniper fire that basically came out of nowhere. It was already January 10th and they merely had a few glimpse of this enemy. Later that day, a radio report came out that elements from another brigade had made contact with the VC and found the same thing turn overs.VIETNAM WARFARE STATEGIES Later they would discover that the VCs strategy was to strike unexpectedly and indeed slip away into the tunnels to avoid retaliation. Their strategy was concealment and was effective with their hit and run tactic.4 diging was the essential element in the VC strategy. It was the greatest element in the VC stationed in the area of Cu Chi, located north the South Vietnamese capital, Ho Chi Minh City (formerly known as Saigon). They employ the tunnels for many functions. They attack the Statesn installations that were conveniently built right above them.5 They took refuge in the tunnels when they felt threatened with annihilation. They employ the tunnels to escape from threatened villages. The excessively apply them to store war materials and to operate facilities like an underground hospital. The Americans never really discovered the full extent of the Viet Cong tunnel corpses, but they gradua lly tried their best to develop tactics to counter attack the VCs and to use the complexities of the tunnels to their advantage.6 The tunnels are now made into something like a Disney amusement park wherein tourists can take an hour bus go from Ho Chi Minh to experience going into them. These tunnels utilize to be well hidden from American soldiers and reporters of the war but now it has brought tourism to the country. But on with the sights and the interesting experience, the war tactics and weapons the Viet Cong used were placed on display that serves as a reminded of their polished warfare strategies. Man traps made to go through were part of the display. When American soldiers would try to slip into the tunnels, Punjisticks or spears of bamboo with razor sharpness and covered with excrement or poison were the first things that greeted them.7 The sticks pierced the legs and the torsos of the Americans. More brutal strategies were used as bear traps were also placed in the tun nel openings to amputate the feet of the soldiers as they go inside the tunnel. Like this was not enough protection, booby traps were also hung from the trees near the opening that would result to beheaded soldiers or amputated limbs.8 The VC did not even bury some of their casualties. The United States forces often buried their dead enemy to keep track of the extent of the casualties for the enemy. Tactical conditions from the Viet Congs would result to dead VCs lying around the tunnels for the tunnel rats to discover. In some cases, they would even pull the bodies of dead American soldiers in the tunnels for the soldiers to encounter. This was a strategy they used to unnerve and demoralize the U.S. troops that would come into the tunnels.9 delveS OF CU CHI Located just seventy-five kilometers northwest from the countrys capital Ho Chi Minh were the tunnels of Cu Chi. This district of Cu Chi was a major Viet Cong infiltration route that served as a trail towards the Ho Chi Minh.10 Situated above the ground of this perimeter was the station of the United States twenty-fifth Infantry Division.11 Below them was the home of the 7th Viet Cong Regiment and other confederate units. It was like sleeping with the enemy, only with them they were sleeping above the enemy, literally. The tunnels were reported to be 250 kilometers long and most of the tunnels were located in Cu Chi. There were three levels to the VC tunnels. 12 In the first level, the opening was three meters deep. As one goes deeper into the tunnel, it would widen and be about six meters deep. The third level of the tunnels was eight meters below the ground.An Underground contest Station In the tunnels, it was like a whole word underground. There were kitchens, there was a hospital, and the officers quarters were there as well as a meeting room.13 During that time the tunnels were almost inaccessible. It was hidden in a jungle-like area. During the war it was ravaged by a skin-burning chemical Agent O range that was part of the American counterattack. Some tunnels were also too narrow for an overweight Westerner.14 The tunnel system included different sizes of chambers, rest areas, weapons and ammunitions storage, kitchens, workshops, barracks room as well as entourage that housed the communication equipments.15 The kitchens was designed so well the smoke that could signal the Americans of their location were dispersed and dissipated into numerous pipes that would mislead anyone who would see it.16 The tunnels of Cu Chi were the locus where the Viet Cong fighters and the American delve Rats, as they call those brave enough to penetrate the tunnels, would go into hand-to-hand combat inside dark and dangerous subterranean and complex tunnels. These tunnels were where they fought to death using knives and pistols.17The Little IRT The tunnels of Cu Chi were known as the Little IRT. They were similar to the railway system in America with an interconnecting tunnel system that was in t he northern section of Hau Nghia Province and in the southwester section of Binh Duong Province. The tunnels complexity connected hamlets, villages and provinces in the area. Originally it was dug up to be used to support the Viet Minh guerilla war against the French. The American soldiers dubbed the tunnels the little IRT because of how similar it was to the New York City Subway. The complex tunnel system allowed for different levels in different locations that were incorporate by a series of trap doors, channels, shafts, wells and communication tunnels.18 There connections from the tunnels to bunkers that was almost bombproof as well as to ground level bunkers.Tunnel Explorer, Locator Communicator System The TELACS was an experimental communications device system that the tunnel rats or the American soldiers used when they explored the enemy tunnel systems. It was a system that was cool of an earphone and a throat microphone for communications with the troops in the surface.19 It was a flawed system because there was much voice distortion and there needed to be a large amount of wire that had to be dragged behind the explorer. It was a slow and inaccurate system. When it was tested in the year 1969, it was withdrawn.20 The tunnel system proved to a sophisticated military tactic from the Viet Cong that may have been underestimated by the American troops. The genius of their strategies overwhelmed U.S. Forces until it came to the point that they decided to clear the tunnels of the VC.TUNNEL CLEARING After the time when Ben Suc, Vietnam was depopulated American troops went on to clear out the tunnels of Cu Chi, looking for Viet Cong fighters. The army made use of large tanks with bull dozer blades as well as medium built soldiers that were known to be tunnel rats that went to uncover the underground city.21 In the clearing do by they found stoves, furniture, clothes for men and women, and essentially thousands of pages of important war documents. This major headquarters that the American command found brought them to explore further into the tunnels. However, during that time, a aged(a) officer that was in-charge of exploring the tunnel was killed by one of the bloody booby traps. The U.S. army saw the danger of the situation and retreated from exploring the tunnels. Instead, they pumped tear gas into the tunnels as well as set off explosives.22 The Americans thought this was the top headquarters for the Viet Cong, they miss the headquarters of the NLF that was several miles north that place. The U.S. used tons of artillery and bombs for all Viet Cong fighter. The Viet Cong manual even said that the U.S. had much superior weapons and strength compared to them on the battlefield. But they could not chase them as they always launched surprise attacks from their underground tunnels.23 The use of incendiary weapons that included the white phosphorous and the napalm was used vastly by the U.S. forces during this time. 24This move has pla ced them in the center of condemnation. Napalm was described to be a oil color fuel that as very effective in the destruction of the enemies bunkers as well as the people inside them. White phosphorous was used to tally targets and to set fire to flammable ones.It has caused suffering that would tend to continue burning the skin long after the initial contact.25 Used together with napalm would prove to be painfully lethal. The mortality rate from those who suffered from such weapons was high and there were deaths that arose from injuries where victims were too badly burnt to receive hospital treatment.26 CS Gas was proficiently used in clearing the tunnel complexes that sifted the enemy soldiers as well as the large numbers of civilians who sought refuge in the tunnels.27 Some antiwar critics of the U.S. Forces in the Vietnam claimed that America conducted a war of genocide in Vietnam because of the civilian casualties. However this was denied because the U.S. military strategy di d not amount to having an official policy of genocide nor was it the intention of the governance and the armed forces to wipe out any significant part of the Vietnamese civilians.TUNNEL RATS During the war trained special units were called tunnel rats. They were described to be small, entertain and crazy as they actually went inside the tunnels and combated with Viet Congs they encountered while other units merely thrown explosives to clear the tunnels.28 They were also known to be the Tunnel Runners by the 25th Infantry Division and Ferrets by the Australian Army. Tunnel Rat was their official accepted name.29 It was during this time that the U.S. Army realized that it was short-sighted to destroy the tunnels by the bulldozers and the bombings. There would be a massive loss of vital intelligence if the plans and documents of the Viet Cong would be destroyed through their first strategy. It was in 1965 when the 1st and 25th Infantry division nonionized specialized teams that had missions to search and explore the tunnels in the III Corp area.30 The tunnel rats were not assigned they were all volunteers and were armed only with a pistol or shotgun, a knife and a flashlight.31 They infiltrated the tunnels with such minimal weapons where hundreds of VC might be hiding with their massive supply of weapons stored in the tunnels as well. Anyone who went into the tunnels was then dubbed as Tunnel Exploration Personnels. As the tunnel rats descended into the tunnels they experience walking into a pitch black and claustrophobic pathway wherein they were playing a deadly game of encompass and seek with the enemy Viet Cong. The sensitive probing of the floor, sides and roofs of the tunnels soon became second nature to the tunnel rat as he inched his way deeper into the tunnel complexes.32 They carefully watched out for wires and tree roots that was irregular and could pass for booby trap that could blow them up to pieces or cut their limbs into pieces. The entrances of the tunnels alone are usually mined or protected by concealed guards ready to fire upon entry. Sometimes, the unsuspecting tunnel rat can met the garrote or someone would cut his throat as he came up and pass by connecting trapdoors33. Aside from the VC booby traps were a whole breed of animals that resided in the dark confines of the tunnels.34 There were bats that used the grounds during the daylight hours. Snakes were also encountered inside the tunnels. The Bamboo Viper and the Krait were the deadly snakes that can be found the VC tunnels. The Viet Cong would deliberately tether a snake in the tunnels to serve as a natural booby trap for the tunnel rats. The stress the tunnel rats undergo every time they went into the tunnel was unthinkable that pushed their mental state to its limits. They would recoil into the narrow, pitch black tunnels looking for a heavily armed enemy for hours to combat with.The idea was to find the VC first before he jumped on them to kill them. Somet imes the strain on the mens nerves was too much to bear to the point wherein he had to be dragged from the tunnel screaming and crying.35 When this occurs, they are not allowed to go into the tunnel ever again. There were no dead tunnel rats that were to be left inside the tunnel. Dead or wounded they were dragged out with wires, rope or by a comrade only to be taken out of the VC territory.36Weapons and fightfare There was extensive use of the tunnel by the VC. The tunnel rats had to search and flush out the VC. Tunnel warfare then occurred between the VC and the U.S. Tunnel Rats. The soldiers became used to tunnel welfare that they reveled in the opportunity to heed a VC through the narrow passageways. It was not a work for someone with a faint heart as the danger of death was ever show up underground were grenades would just pop through trapdoors and other forms of booby trap awaited.37 When a tunnel rat went in for tunnel warfare, the infantry basic demoralize was kept to a minimal. His total lack of equipment to carry was a factor for the tunnel rats survival.38 The pistols the tunnel rats carried where the .38 Smith and Wesson. Sometimes they would carry a 9mm German Luger.39 Most of the tunnel rats agreed not to carry the Colt .45. It was too big of a weapon for the underground battle with a silencer.Without a silencer, it was too loud that the enemies from far away could know your location instantly while you are temporarily deafened by the shot. In tunnel warfare, the tunnel rats look on the golden rule that prohibits firing more than three shots underground without reloading.40 If this does not happen, the VC could know that the tunnel rat is out of ammunition and could attack while they reload. The tunnel rats carried a standard Army issue flashlight and each member carried one. They nice how they would carry the flashlight to prevent themselves from being lighted targets. They also practiced how to change batteries in pitch darkness by touch alone and how it can be done quickly.41CONCLUSION The tunnel rats were remembered to be one of the bravest in the American-Vietnam war. They did a job that not many wanted to do. In fact, not many dared to volunteer for this position. But they stepped up and made it a duty to their country. It was not an easy job considering the highly sophisticated tunnel strategies that the Viet Cong implemented before the U.S. Army troops even discovered that they existed. They were in and out of a battle scene. They controlled the tempo of the battle because of their invisibility.Even when the tunnels were discovered, threats still turned on the American troops as it proved to be dangerous to explore the tunnels. Deadly booby traps such as land mines, sharp sticks and trapdoors overwhelmed the U.S. troops that may have underestimated the intelligence of the VC tactics. In the end much of the tunnels that were deeper into the complexes were remained uncovered and unexplored by the U.S. Army. This was a war rightfully won by the one who had the best strategies, the most ruthless approaches that surprised the nations of the world.BIBLIOGRAPHYBrown, Lousie. War and Aftermath in Vietnam. New York, Routledge, 1991.Clark, Gregory R. Words of the Vietnam War The Slang, Jargon Abbreviations, Acronyms Nomenclature, Nicknames Pseudonyms, Slogans Specs, Euphemisms Double-Talk, Chants and Names and Places of the Era of United States Involvement in Vietnam. Jefferson, NC, McFarland, 1990.Mangolds, Tom. Behind Enemy Lines a Nam Vet Returns Tom Mangold Revisits the Terrifying Viet Cong Tunnels He detect as a Young War Reporter.And Finds Them Transformed into a Fascinating, Disney-Style Attraction, The Mail on Sunday, 15 October 2006, 94.McGibbon, Ian. The Tunnels of Cu Chi A Remarkable taradiddle of War in Vietnam, New Zealand Internationa lReview, Vol. 31, No. 3 (2006) 29.Philbert, Robert E. Back to Nam, Social Studies, Vol. 86, No. 1 (1995) 6.Schulzinger, Robert D. A Time for War The United States and Vietnam, 1941-1975. New York Oxford University Press, 1997.Tunnel Rats. Digger History, (2002). Available from http//www.diggerhistory.info/pages-conflicts-periods/vietnam/tunnel-rats.htm, accessed on October 3, 2007.

Mother Tongue Language And Mathematics Essay Example for Free

M separate Tongue vocabulary And Mathematics EssayIn what ways does your mother tongue manner of speaking and math resemble and differ from each other?Mathematics and nomenclature both act as a source of communication, thus both mathematics and language play an important role in life. According to the dictionary, language is defined as a communication of thoughts and feelings by dint of a system of arbitrary signals, such as voice sounds, gestures, or written symbols. In comparison, the dictionary defines mathematics as a the study of the measurement, properties, and relationships of quantities and sets, using numbers and symbols. Both language and mathematics use symbols, thus both concept are seen as a form of communication. The symbols represent values, which can be understood by the human mind. Language is defined as a code, and both the mother tongue and mathematics are made up of unique symbols that are consistent in their rules in order to be understood properly.Ma thematics is a very complex, straightforward concept that has fixed meanings. Ifx = y = z, then x = y, x = z and y = z. This is a universal phenomenon accepted world wide. Mathematics has been used in the study of science. An example would be the physician Albert Einstein and the discovery of his par e = mc2. Mathematics is composed of a combination of factors, which can be simplified and broken down. Factorisation of equations is an example. However, if an equation can be factored, then thither is only possibility in which it can be broken down. Each equations has its universal values that cannot be altered. Even though mathematics exemplifies logic, it is not as simple to understand. In order to understand the concept of mathematics, a person has to learn a language first. Whether the language is English, French, Spanish or German does not matter. Mathematics is a fundamental base of our daily life and society, but it is not as essential as the communication between humans throug h the usage of language.Language is a much simpler concept than mathematics. Language does not have a fixed meaning or value, whereas this is the case in mathematics. 5 + 3 = 8. This is always true, it cannot be denied due to the mathematical code and its rule. In language this is not the case. Statements can be understood of accepted differently check to the individual. For example, Anna says to Tom, I really like you. This has no fixed meaning, because according to what t wiz this statement is said, it can either be true or false. Anna could emphasise through language that she in reality does like Tom. On the other hand, she has the ability to state it as a sarcastic phrase. This would mean, that in reality she doe not like Tom.Language also plays an important role in culture. Through language, the origin of individuals can be assumed. If somebody is mainly speaking German, then one can assume that the person is German. Even within the German language, different dialects are spok en. This makes language less specific than mathematics. There is the Hoch-Deutsch spoken in Germany, the Austrian German spoken in Austria and finally the Swiss German heard in Switzerland.Language is expressed in different forms, either written by the usage of symbols, orally through the usage of sounds and finally through the form of body language. Again, language illustrates a less specific concept than mathematics. All terce forms can express certain values and one statement, such as I like you can be expressed in all threesome different forms.Even though both mathematics and language have codes, these can be misunderstood. In mathematics your result is an error, while in language misunderstandings can result in several problematic situations. The fundamental difference between mathematics and language is that one is universal in its concept, while the other is altered around the globe. Mathematics is universal, it has the same code throughout the world where 2 + 2 = 4 in ever y country. Language however, can be altered. If a Chinese speaks in Chinese to a Portuguese, it is unlikely that they will understand it each other.In conclusion, mathematics and language share both greenness concepts but also differ from each other. They are both essential for life, while language is the base to understand mathematics. The concept of mathematics has always been germane(predicate) in nature, such as 360 circles. Language is the invention of the human race in order to establish and maintain the communication between each other.

Grievance handling procedure in Reliance Infocomm Limited

mark handling procedure in corporate trust Infocomm restrictTo develop a Grievance handling procedure for Reliance Infocomm after studying in detail the types and scrams of injustices those are specific to Reliance Communication Limited.ObjectivesTo compose a Grievance Redressal Procedure for Reliance Infocomm Limited.To analyze the types of grievances that existed among the employees of Reliance Infocomm Limited.To obtain suggestions on the kind of Grievance Redressal Procedures from the employers of Reliance Infocomm Limited.IntroductionEvery employee has reliable expectations which he thinks must be fulfilled by the organization he is working for. When the organization fails to do this, he develops a feeling of discontent or dis triumph. When an employee feels that something is unsporting in the organization, he is said to founder a grievance.In the Industrial Relations language, Grievance is defined as eitherthing which irritates or tends to make work conditions unaccep table and in that respectby harbors a discontent or dissatisfaction arising anything machine-accessible with the company that an employee thinks, believes or even feels, unfair, unjust. In this sense many of the controversial issues in Industrial Organizations may be said to arise as a result of incept or ill-advised handling or neglect of grievances which individually may appear bootless but collectively may become explosive.The basic objective of the project is to frame a Grievance Redressal Procedure for Reliance Infocomm Limited and to analyze the types of grievances that existed among the employees of Reliance Infocomm Limited.Telecommunications Industry IN IndiaThe telecommunications industries in India are highly competitive. The rearth rates in the number of telecommunication lines (both fixed and mobile) eat up been growing quite significantly, teledensities switch been steadily improving and the proportionality of mobile to fixed communications has crossed unity. I n addition to the distribution of telecommunications services, India has a sizeable telecommunications equipment manufacturing industry. India has followed a policy of establishing a stand alone public laboratory, which was charged with the responsibility of growing a family of digital switching equipments and then transferring this generated technology to domestic public and private welkin telecom equipment manufacturers. The telecommunications industry is a good example of the fact fleck having cheap factor endowments is necessary for a landed estate to establish its presence in the international market ability to move up the innovation ladder is a sufficient condition for that to occur.India is been considered to be the emerging technological giant from the developing world. India spent about one percent of their GDP on RD and have a growing number of patents issued in the US to their local inventors. India is an acknowledged human dynamo in embedded software, business softwa re in general, chip designs and in pharmaceuticals. India has one of the largest telecommunications networks in the world. Reliance Infocomm is part of a large Indian amass namely Reliance Industries. The American telecoms company, Qualcomm that pioneered the CDMA technology, holds about 4 per cent of the shares of Reliance Infocomm. Qualcomm makes money from royalties every time a chipset is inserted into CDMA phones and other network equipment as salutary as from license fees. Further based on my discussions with Midas Communications, it could be seen that the order from Reliance Infocomm has led to a large quantum of orders from both elsewhere within the country and from abroad. For instance, following test-run with 25,000 CorDect systems in 24 cities across nine states for over an year, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) has recently awarded a contract for over 0.6 million CorDect lines. The BSNL contract is worth about Rs. 7 billion and is divided among Himachal Futuristic Communications Ltd (HFCL), Indian Telephone Industries Ltd (ITI), and Electronic Corporation of India (ECI), Shyam Telecom and Hindustan Teleprinters Ltd (HTL).Literature ReviewIntroductionIn a broader perspective, any discontent or dissatisfaction, real or imaginary, experienced, by an employer about his or her employment constitutes a grievance. In their working lives, employees occasionally become aggrieved at the treatment meted out to them by the supervisors or the management on certain service conditions managerial decisions, practices, etc.,A grievance should be treated as a show cause issued by the workmen against the management by an undertaking. Grievances can arise mainly under two conditions, namelyWhen management attempts or does something which it is not evaluate to do.When the management fails or refrains from doing something which it is expected to do.Thus a grievance is also an indicator of the organizational health. The complainant may or may not specifically assi gn reasons for dissatisfaction. But once the complaint is formally presented it has got be investigated and a solution is found out.According to Beach, D.S, and Personnel Administration, of People at Work, 1965, Any dissatisfaction or feeling of injustice in connection with ones employment situation that is brought to the notice of management.According to S. Chandra, Grievance Procedure A Survey of Practices in India, 1968, the following causes have been given of employee grievances Promotions, Amenities, Continuity of services, Compensation, Disciplinary action, Fines, Increments, Leave, Medical Benefits, Nature of the affair, Payment of wages, Acting promotion, Recovery of dues, Safety appliance, Superannuation, Super session, Transfer, Victimization and Conditions of work.The handling of special grievances may embroil special steps as well as, or in place of, skipping certain steps within normal grievance channels, by Petterfer, J.C, Effective Grievance Arbitration in Californ ia Management Review, 1970.According to Shea, John, Would Foremen Unionize? in Personnel Journal, 1970, There are always time limits between different steps of the grievance procedure. Additional steps are taken within a grievance system when labour is dissatisfied with the solution put forward by the lower line management.According to Jucius, J.M., Personnel Management, 1971, A grievance is any discontent or dissatisfaction, whether expressed or not, whether valid or not, arising out of anything connected with the company which an employee thinks, believes or even feels to be unfair, unjust or inequitable.Any real or imagined feeling of personal injustice which an employee has concerning his employment relationship by Keith Davis, Human Relations at Work, 1971.A written complaint filed by an employee and claiming unfair treatment by Dale Yoder, Personnel Management and Industrial Relations, 1972.The Indian prove of personnel Management, Calcutta, in the year 1973, has briefly sum marized the grievance procedure in the following five stepsIn the first instance, the grievance should be settled at the lowest level, that is, the employee should raise his grievance with his immediate superior.It should be made clear to the employee that he may appeal if he does not get satisfaction from his immediate superior. He should know who the next person in the echelon of management is to whom he should refer his grievance.The grievance should be speedily dealt withIf the grievance is against any instructions issued by the superior, the employee should clearly run across that, in the interest of discipline, the instructions must first be carried out before the grievance can be considered and clear-cut upon. It is only when this has been done that the employer will register his protest and set the grievance handling procedure in motion.It should be clearly understood by the employee that there will be no recourse to any official machinery till the grievance redressal pr ocedure has been set in motion and that, in the event the employee is hitherto dissatisfied, there will be no direct action by either party which might prejudice the case or raise doubts while the grievance is being investigate.The grievance is usually more formal in character than a complaint. It can be valid or ridiculous, and must grow out of something connected with company operations or policy. It must involve an interpretation or application of the provisions of the labour contract says Flippo, Principles of Personnel Management, 1976.Chapman, secure J., 1976, observes An employees concern for his job security may prompt a grievance over a transfer, work assignment, or promotion. Sometimes bad relations between supervisors and subordinates are to blame this is often the cause of grievances over fair treatment. Organizational factors like automated jobs or ambiguous job descriptions that frustrate or alter employees are other potential causes of grievances. Union activism is another cause. For example, the union may solicit grievances from workers to underscore ineffective supervision. Problem employees are yet another cause of grievances. These are individuals, who, by their nature, are negative, dissatisfied, and grievance prone.According to Sikula, A.F., Personnel Administration, 1978, It is not possible that all the complaints of the employees would be settled by first-line supervisors, for these supervisors may not have had a proper training for the purpose, and they may lack authority. Moreover, there may be personality conflicts and other causes as well.According to Brian Bemmels, Janice R.Foley, a common admonition of grievance procedure research is the lack of theoretical grounding for much of the research done prior to 1985. Several earlier reviews of the grievance literature embossed the challenge of improving on the theoretical aspects of grievance research.According to Michael Corcoran, 2006 a solicitor in the Steeles employment team, of fers advice on grievance proceduresThe aim of a grievance procedure is to encourage consistency, transparency and fairness in the handling of workplace problems or complaints. It should ply the employer to seek an informal resolution where appropriate but allow for more formal proceedings should the circumstances demand.The grievance procedures must be followed in relation to any grievance about action by any employer that could form the basis of a complaint by an employee to an Employment Tribunal. A grievance is a complaint by an employee about action which his employer has taken or is contemplating taking in relation to him.Research MethodologyRESEARCH OBJECTIVESTo gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insides into it.To portray accurately the characteristics of a incident individual situation or a group.To determine the frequency with which something occurs with which it is associated with something else.To test a hypothesis of a casual relationship between vari ables.RESEARCH proficiencyA research technique refers to the behavior and instruments we use in performing research operations. Here, regarding this project the techniques of Questionnaire is used with attitude skills, nominal scales, ordinal scales, and interval scales, and ratio scales mass behavioral scales.RESEARCH DESIGNA research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of date in manner that aims to combine relevancy to the research purpose with economy in procedure.Regarding this project, descriptive research design is applied. Here, Descriptive research design is concerned with describing the dissatisfaction of each individual on his job and the diagnostic research design helps in diagnostic research design helps in determine the frequency with which something occurs or its associated with something else. These two research designs helps in understand the characteristics in a given situation, think systematically about aspects in a given situation , offers idea for probe and research help to make certain simple decision.The researcher adopted random sampling method which includes 100 executives of Reliance Communication Limited.ConclusionIn conclusion it is very important to transplant the misunderstandings between the misunderstandings between the employer and employee. Human relations are the most important.It is the duty of the employer to remove the conflict from the minds of his employees and to localize problems and to find out ways and means for redressal of grievance. For achieving this inclination an effective grievance procedure will certainly contribute to industrial peace and contended or happy labour.

Starbucks Success Business

Starbucks Success BusinessStarbucks first established in the year of 1971. There have tether partners who be English teacher Jerry Baldwin, history teacher Zev Siege, and writer Gordon Bowker had expanded their first computer storage named as Starbucks Coffee, Tea and state highway mystify which locate in Seattles Pike Place Market. They were analyzing that each invest $1350 and they had borrowed $5000 from bank to hold the company of Starbucks. (Starbucks bow window gild Background 1999) accord to (Yahoo Answers History Starbucks 2007), Alfred Peet had encourage them to open the store of Starbucks, so Alfred Peet was the first merchandise of green deep brown bean that selling to them, so Starbucks is started to sell the high- part coffee beans and equipment. However, they were suggesting changing their transaction object into growers of the coffee bean when they rig kayoed who the growers be. After few ten years, Starbucks could be a sure-fire coffeehouse company with essential operation care in products and values, management style, and market target.In 1982, Howard Schultz joins Starbucks. He was impressed by the popularity and culture of espresso bars in Milan, and therefore saw the establishment potential in Seattle. It was a success. In 1990s, Starbucks expands beyond Seattle, first to the rest of the United States, then the entire world. In 1996 Starbucks opened its first overseas store in Tokyo, Japan. Starbucks had to be well-known brand in the world with more than 13,000 stores in 39 countries. After becoming whizz of the first companies to offer stock options to its part-time employees, Starbucks becomes a publicly traded company. With the background of Starbucks Corporation, It was named as a name of character in a novel Moby-Dick. Starbucks had owning 7,521 self-operated store and 5,647 licensed stores in 39 countries around the world. Beside that, when customer having their order at Starbucks, they are able to enjoying their orde r with an entertainment. Through the Starbucks Entertainment division and Hear Music brand, the company has ventured beyond the refreshments into books, music, and film and different. Refer to (HP, about Starbucks Coffee Company 2007), Starbucks coffee shop Company had business as leading retailer, roaster and brand of specialty coffee that they have expand more than 6000 retail locations in countries such as jointure and South American, Europe and so on. Starbucks has always deliver the penny-pinchingsd the products which are the go around coffee and fitness coffee experience offering to customer. Besides the quality of products, they also provide services as awe close to environment, entertainment and social.What specially stick by Starbucks? There have drinks and foods serves out by Starbucks which are hot drinks such as drip brewed coffee, espresso-, hot chocolate and so on where the non-espresso-based drinks include tea, and ice-blended drinks. Starbucks also are offeri ng foods to customer that includes pastries, sandwiches and salads. Besides drinks and foods, Starbucks has sales product to consumer such as coffee mugs and different paraphernalia that related to coffee beans. Comfortable environment offer to customer when they having their order in Starbucks with an entertainment. Types of entertainment are including music, books, films and another(prenominal). (Wikipedia, Starbucks 2007)Specialty products of Starbucks are one successful key in business. According to . (Starbucks Corporation Product Line 1999)Starbucks stores serve a variety of very expensive and sweet drinks to customer. whitethorn be much of people have thinking that Starbucks products are quite expensive to purchase and only for rich family, but Starbucks have determined in their business plan, because they emphasize that the products they are produce are ever in quality and best. They are brewed coffees that will change in weekly to maintain their quality standard. Starbuc ks has expanding their various products due to season. Talent brewed by Starbucks such as cappuccinos has made with dry, wet, extra hot, soy, and organic. Nowadays, Frappuccino is high demand products offer by customer which that is combination with methamphetamine and cappuccino, that have few types of Frappuccino such as Frappuccino blended beverage, Frappuccino Light blended beverage, Frappuccino Juice Blended with real fruit juice and Power Frappuccino with nutrition as protein, carbohydrates, and vitamins. Other drinks like Tea have included Chai Tea Latte, a combination of lightlessness tea, exotic spices, honey, and milk Double shot as espresso drinks. In other way, foods of Starbucks cannot belittle, they are offering fresh breakfast as sandwiches, pastries, salads and other foods item like ice-cream, juices, and bottled water. As explain in easy ways, Starbucks is virtually selling all the drinks are related to coffee beans.Besides products of Starbucks, services are als o the element of successful businesses. One service of Starbucks is analyzed as The Third Place. Meaning of The Third Place is other place beside home and work. In the caf of Starbucks, they have provided outfitted with stuffed chairs and tables with hard backed chairs. These could upper-class of environment to simpleness the customer. In the service, Starbucks has provide free electricity for customer and also wireless internet connection, so any customer who dont have internet service at home, Starbucks could allowed them come through surf net their laptop and have online. Starbucks is a common place for businessman to having their business and transaction with client, because of awe just about environment and best quality of coffee. Starbucks has always provided fresh air and aroma in environmental. According to (Wikipedia, Starbucks 2007), Starbucks Company has noted a policy as non-smoking in almost in all of their stores, but this policy has never establish in countries such as Germany, Vienna and Mexico City. In such countries, Starbucks has smoking room for them normally on upstairs of outlet. The reason of smoking banned is because of the coffee aroma will be affect by smoke and no more adulterated. The third Place is generally state by Starbucks to provide the personal entertainment where can fulfill the customer in their tea-time and they can have enjoyable with the music and magazine provided.There were many entertainments that provided in Starbucks store. Starbucks Entertainment was mostly selects the best in music, books and film to offer Starbucks customers the opportunity to discover quality entertainment in a fun and convenient way as part of their daily coffee routines. According to (Starbucks Company Profile 2007), Partnership of Starbucks has made an entertainment that may shock the entertainment industry with the music, labels and filmmakers. In provide additional entertainment to customer, Starbucks Entertainment has squaded with other corporation to create a iTunes store online, this could offering to customer in geting, download and preview the Starbucks entertainment such as music title and specially created play lists in a convenient online music buying experience.Starbucks has a successful image with their greater management style, but they will also incoming managerial problem. Starbucks has tried their best to increase market share of the non-coffee drinker. As people know, Starbucks is one of the most successful and admired companies in the world. Starbucks has grown from a single coffee shop in Seattle 33 years agone to 5,945 outlets in United States and 2,392 more in 28 countries. SWOT analysis is an analysis of the organizations strength, weakness, opportunity and threat that might lead to a restructure and successful solution to its internal and external problems. (SWOT Analysis Starbucks 2000)In the strength analysis, as people know, Starbucks Corporation is well-known coffeehouse in the world of co urse Starbucks is do profitable business every year. According to (SWOT Analysis Starbucks Strength 2000), Starbucks has made a profit in excess of $600 million from sales of $5000 million in year 2004. Beside that, Reputation of Starbucks has built up because of the quality of products and services and also their market is going to everywhere has human lives in the world with almost 9000 cafes in 40 countries. In additional, Starbucks extension that they have a strong ethical value to a role of environmental leadership in their business that could aftermath to customer enjoyable and comfortable. Last strength for Starbucks is a respected employer that values its workforce, because of in the year 2005 Starbucks was one of the Fortune Top 100 Companies to Work For. eve though Starbucks has a lot of strength, but it still have such of weaknesses need to aware in business. Referring to (SWOT Analysis Starbucks Weaknesses 2000), To attract new customer, Starbucks has always produce cr eativity new specialty product but they emphasize that their innovation of new products may be stumble over time, so they need to buzz off another new product when previous products is outdated. Next weaknesses will be analyze is Starbucks has much dependant on the main competitive advantage, if other challenger has similar advantage to customer, Starbucks may getting risk in their business operation. Other weakness is the retail of coffee could slow the process of send into other sectors. Starbucks has over concern their business in the home market at United State of American with over three quarter of their stores they should spread out more of their market to other countries.Furthermore, in opportunities analysis, Starbucks are always appreciating their opportunity coming, because they believe it will advantage to them. According to (SWOT Analysis Starbucks Opportunities 2000), Starbucks Company has created a service that customers can create their own music CD by apply CD-Bur ning. This service has expanding in 2004 in one of their store Santa Monica caf with Hewlett Packard. Besides, Starbucks has an opportunity that expands their new markets for coffee to India and the Pacific Rim nations for the beginning step. The company has retail their new products and services in their store which are Fair Trade and so on. Starbucks has taking their good opportunity to co-branding with other manufacturers and brand franchising to manufacturers to transmission drinks and foods products and services. Furthermore, there has some threat that Starbucks would be taking. According to (SWOT Analysis Starbucks Threat 2000) Starbucks are suggesting to rises the cost of the coffee and other products. Besides that, Starbucks has never know what will be occur in the future, whether demand on coffee will be upward or other substitute beverage would be replace to coffee. Who can know the future? At last, Starbucks are successful on their business with conception in Pike Place M arket since 1971, but its could also create much of competitors and copy cat refer to their talent of operation, may be the businesses would compete by other company in future.Besides planning strategy, human resources management is also the reason of Starbucks to be successful company. The value of Starbucks employees have acknowledge by the company. According to (Starbucks Company Profile 2007), Starbucks has more than 145000 employees which work about part-time or full-time in their entire caf and store. Average of Starbucks employees are 26 years old. Starbucks Company is providing the benefit package that includes healthcare benefits and stock option grants through Bean Stock to the employees. The chairman of Starbucks Schultz state that They have the most knowledgeable workforce in their industry. Schultz emphasize that number of store they were opened is not main point, but they are concerned to growth and development of the employees. Furthermore, Schultz believed that thei r people are a affectionateness of successful reason. Employees have to know the basic knowledge as communication skill, ideas, commitment and connection that provide to customer.They would send employees to participate the training and development program. every new employee will have at least 24 hours training time in first two to four weeks. There have sextet types of training included classes on history guide of Starbucks, drinks and foods preparation, knowledge in coffee, customer services provide to customer, retail skills of products, and a workshop called Brewing the unblemished Cup. Each of training has to consume for 4 hour. (Starbucks Corporation Employee Training 1999) On-the-job training to employees of Starbucks has include employees has to maintain and self-improve from the job listen and acknowledge and can subscribe for help from their peer or coworker.Beside that, staffing of Starbucks, can only be two to four partners includes Assistant Manager or store manage r in one stores. Any employee who completed the Coffee Master course can be high standing and known as Coffee Master in other words is manager of Starbucks. Certification could be taking from several tests. That is depending on how professional of employees in tasting, growing, roasting and purchasing of the products and services. Coffee Master has worn black aprons whereas normal employees are wearing standard green aprons. (Wikipedia, Starbucks 2007)Last element of successful key is the target marketing of Starbucks. To be maximizing their market, Starbucks has establish geographic expansion strategy in 1992 and 1993 that they has focus in a targeted area, this is because that has more convenience connection between stores and build up an infrastructure that is link together with the furcatees store. Starbucks would like to selected a large city to serve as a hub teams of professionals were located in hub cities to support the goal of opening more and more once more stores in th e target region. Once the stores plant in entire hub areas, additional stores were slowly to spreading to other area as opened smaller adjoin the hub region area to widely area. (Starbucks Corporation The Store Expansion Strategy 1999)Starbucks has doing market research such as survey questionnaire and observation by using Customer Relationship Management to ensure the seeation of customer. As the information they have concern are about dimension of segmentation will be demographics include age and household status of customer to having their products. They are selected married couples age 25 54 with children to be their primary target market. According to the research, they ready that these households spend more than other households on non-alcoholic beverages away from home. They are trying to consume the product to child with the coffee-free Frappuccino. Starbucks has also implement a strategy with some event to encourage parents buying a Frappuccino to their child as free ga me of soccer victory and even a trip to family on holiday. They expect that this could influence to child purchasing decision and always in the childs mind remain until when they are mature. (Starbucks The Non-Coffee Treat Segmentation n.d) In other of marketing planning of Starbucks is goes international. Starbucks can be well-known and making profitable business is depend on their market in other 39 countries. Nowadays, Starbucks has located many branch stores to international. According to (Starbucks Company Profile 2007) Time series of the Starbucks opened are following The first branches that Starbucks opened in overseas were in 1996 which store in Tokyo, Japan and after store in Singapore. division 1997 Philippines Year 1998 U.K., Taiwan, Thailand, New Zealand and Malaysia Year 1999 Beijing, Kuwait, South Korea and Lebanon Year 2000 United Arab Emirates, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Australia, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain Year 2001 Switzerland and Austria Year 2002 Oman, Germany, Spain Mexico, Puerto Rico, Macau and Shenzhen, Greece and Indonesia Year 2003 Turkey, Peru, Chile and Cyprus Year 2004 France Year 2005 Jordan, Bahamas and Ireland Year 2006 Brazil and Egypt Year 2007 Romania.Structure of Starbucks is also their market strategy that could attract the customer because of specialty building. According to (Starbucks Corporation Real Estate, Store Design, Store Planning, and Construction 1999), Starbucks had began to create their own structure of building starting from year 1991, they are build up an own in-house team of architects and designers to modified their building. They analyze that every stores has convey right image and characteristics. In different places, they would design different structure of building to coordinate to environment. Stores had to be custom-designed because Starbucks didnt buy real estate and build its own freestanding structures rather, each space was leased in an existing structure and thus each store differed in size and shape. Most stores were located in office buildings, downtown and suburban retail centers, airport terminals, university campus areas, or busy neighborhood shopping areas convenient to prosy foot traffic.According to (Starbucks Company Profile 2007), Starbucks has many competitors, where the two largest competitors are Dunkin Donuts and Krispy Kreme, direct competitors such as fast food stores McDonalds and Burger King etc. and some small coffee shop. From the case, Starbucks is tried to push forward some and upgrade to different element compare to competitors. To ensure further market growth and be competitive, Starbucks is developing new products for non-coffee drinkers they are producing the latest Frappuccino such as Java Chip Frappuccino, Double Chocolate Chip Frappuccino, Strawberries Crme Frappuccino, and Caf Vanilla Frappuccino. Starbucks is taking a good competitive advantage to customer comparing to their competitors. They have several important points to maximize their customer by using brand experience, brand quality, batten health on product, and convenient access.In conclusion, people are recognizing Starbucks Coffeehouse Corporation is one of very successful businesses in the world. As reason of successful, Starbucks has mention that their businesses arent just for drinks and foods, but their main business purpose is to undertaking in an emotional experience of their operation. Beside that, they are guarantee the quality of their products and services and enjoyable environmental that could create a loyal customer. They also perceive the health of coffees to the customer and never affect to their healthy. Somewhere there has people to living Starbucks would locate a store to those places. In many locations Starbucks offers drive-thru windows, which are more convenient then its competitors.ReferenceAnswer 2007, Why has starbucks gotten so famous and how? where waz the first starbucks made?, Retrieved 11 http//au.answers.yahoo.com/answers2/fron tend.php/question?qid=1006052707796A5 Consulting group n.d., Starbucks The Non-Coffee Treat, Retrieved 25 August 2007 from http//carmean.net/papers/Starbucks%20Marketing.docIsidro, I 2006, Learning from Starbucks 10 Lessons for Small Businesses, Retrieved 22 August 2007 from http//www.powerhomebiz.com/vol144/starbucks.htmHewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P 2007, About Starbucks coffee Company, Retrieved 13 November 2007 fromhttp//www.hp.com/hpinfo/newsroom/press/2003/030415b.htmlMarketing Teacher Ltd 2000, SWOT Analysis Starbucks, Retrieved 20 August 2007 fromhttp//marketingteacher.com/SWOT/starbucks_swot.htmStarbucks Coffee 2007, Company Profile, Retrieved 13 November 2007 fromhttp//www.starbucks.com/aboutus/Company_Profile.pdf The McGraw-Hill Companies 1999, Starbucks Corporation, Retrieved 23 August 2007 fromhttp//www.mhhe.com/business/management/thompson/11e/case/starbucks.htmlWikimedia Foundation, Inc 2007, Starbucks, Retrieved 14 November 2007 fromhttp//en.wikipedia.org/w iki/Starbucks